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The Story of Hanukkah
The story of Hanukkah is set in 164
B.C. There was a king named Antiochus who ruled a vast empire that included
many nations. Antiochus was Greek, and he decided that all of his subjects
would be Greek too. Most of the conquered people were happy to be Greek; the
Greeks possessed a great culture, admired by people all over the world. There
was only one place where there was trouble: Judea. The Jewish people did not
want to worship the Greek gods. They believed that their God was the one and
only true God, and they believed all the Greek gods were false. The Jews refused
to change their religion. Antiochus decided to use force against the Jewish
people to teach them a lesson. He sent an army to occupy Jerusalem, Judea’s
capital. The Greek soldiers seized the Temple and erected a statue of Zeus and
slaughtered pigs and other unclean animals on the altar. Everyone was required
to worship the Greek gods or die. One man, Mattathias, led a revolt against
the king and his army. After Mattathias died, his son Judah continued the revolt
and was given the name Maccabee which means “hammer” --for the way he hammered
the Greek forces. The victorious Maccabees entered Jerusalem in 164 B.C. and
found the Temple in ruins. Together with the people of Jerusalem, they worked
hard to remove all traces of idol worship and then rededicated the Temple to the
worship of the God of Israel, thus Hanukkah is known as the Feast of
Rededication. Hanukkah is truly a memorial day to remember the brave
patriarchs of the Jewish faith who defended the House of God.
According to ancient legend, when the
Maccabees prepared to light the menorah, the seven-branched candle that stood
in the Temple, there was only enough oil to burn for one day; yet that little
amount of oil burned for 8 days, enough time for more oil to be brought to
Jerusalem. Today, we celebrate the Feast of Rededication, Hanukkah, with a
special nine-branched menorah called a Hanukkiah. The original menorah, called
the “Lampstand of God” (1 Samuel 3:3) has seven branches. God Himself gave Moses
the instructions for building this menorah (Exodus 25). The Hanukkiah has eight
branches to represent the eight days needed to rededicate the Temple. The ninth
candle is called the “shammash” or “servant” candle. It is used each night to
light the other candles. Hanukkah has also become known as the Festival of
Lights for the special tradition of lighting the menorah each evening.
In honor of the
tradition of the oil, most Hanukkah foods— such as potato latkes, and jelly
donuts.—are fried in oil. Another common Hanukkah tradition is the playing of
the dreidel game where the winner gets “gold coins” —chocolate gold coins. A
dreidel is a special top with one of four Hebrew letters written on each side.
The Jewish people invented this game as a way to hide their studying when the
study of Torah (Jewish scriptures) was forbidden. Many internet sites explain
how to play this
game.
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